Ukuhweba ngamazwe ngama-iguana aseGalapagos sekuye kwaphinde kwahlolwa ngemuva kochungechunge lokubanjwa nokubuyiselwa kwezilwane okubandakanya ukushushumbisa, amadokhumenti angabazekayo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezempilo okunganele. Lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zitholakala kuphela endle eziqhingini zase-Ecuador, kodwa ukuba khona kwazo emaqoqweni azimele kanye nokuhweba ngezilwane ezingavamile sekusabalele kakhulu ngale kwemingcele yayo.
Umsebenzi wokugcina owaziwayo waholela ekubuyiselweni kwezinhlobo ezingu-24 eziqhingini ngemuva kokubanjwa esikhumulweni sezindiza saseQuito. Nokho, indaba ayiqali futhi ayipheli lapho: kukhona ukuthunyelwa okuvinjelwe, izilwane ezingasindanga, kanye nophenyo lwesayensi olusola ukuthi zivela ngokungemthetho kungase kufihlwe ngamalebula okuzalanisa abanjwe.
Ukubanjwa okubili okuveze indlela yamazwe ngamazwe
Icala lakamuva liqala ngomhlaka -28 Agasti 2026 , lapho amanxusa eMariscal Sucre International Airport eQuito ethola ama-iguana angu-32 asolwandle asakazeke ezitsheni eziningana ngaphakathi kwemithwalo yowesifazane waseRussia. Ngokusho kophenyo lokuqala, indawo ababehlose ukuya kuyo kwakuyi-Iceland.
Lo wesifazane ugcinwe esitokisini ngecala lokusolwa ngokulwa nezitshalo nezilwane zasendle. Nakuba izilwane zithole ukunakekelwa okujulile kwezilwane enhloko-dolobha yase-Ecuador, eziyisishiyagalombili azisindanga ngenxa yokuwohloka kwazo ngokomzimba kanye nezimo ezazithuthwa ngaphansi kwazo.
Ngaphambi kwaleso sigameko, ngoMeyi 19, izakhamuzi ezintathu zaseThailand zaboshwa esikhumulweni sezindiza saseGuayaquil njengoba zazizama ukundiza ziye e-Amsterdam. Zatholakala zifihle ama-iguana asemanzini angu-12 phakathi kwezingubo ezisemapotimendeni amathathu; enye yama-iguana yashona. Ihhovisi Lomshushisi wase-Ecuador labe selivula icala lokuthuthwa kwezilwane zasendle ngokungemthetho.
Ukuvalelwa yedwa, ukuhlolwa kofuzo nokubuyiselwa eGalapagos
Ama-iguana angu-24 asinda ekubanjweni eQuito afika esiqhingini ngendiza ehamba nochwepheshe. Lapho efika, angena endaweni yokuzihlukanisa yesikhashana elungiselelwe ukuvimbela noma iyiphi ingozi ohlelweni lwemvelo lwesiqhingi.
UMnyango Wezemvelo wase-Ecuador wachaza ngoSepthemba 29, 2026, ukuthi ukukhishwa ngeke kwenzeke ngokushesha noma ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isampula ngayinye kumele ihlolwe ngokwezempilo, ngokwezifo, kanye nofuzo , futhi isiqhingi sayo sokuqala kumele siqinisekiswe, ngaphambi kokuba kucatshangelwe ukubuyiselwa okungenzeka.
Odokotela bezilwane nososayensi abavela eSan Francisco de Quito University (USFQ) kanye nase-University of the Americas (UDLA) bahlanganyele kulo msebenzi, kanye ne-Undersecretariat of Natural Heritage, i-Zonal Directorate 2 kanye ne-Agency for Regulation and Control of Biosecurity and Quarantine for Galapagos (ABG).
UPablo Sánchez, umqondisi weGalápagos National Park, ugcizelele ukuthi izinqumo zokulondolozwa kwemvelo kumele zisekelwe ebufakazini bobuchwepheshe kanye nolwazi lwezakhi zofuzo ukuze kuvikelwe ifa lemvelo. Akukhona nje ukubuyisa izilwane, kodwa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi azilethi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezingekho eziqhingini.
Amaphepha okuthunjwa kanye nezimbobo kwezentengiselwano zomhlaba wonke
Incwadi eyanyatheliswa kuyi- Science ngabacwaningi base-Ecuador, eCanada, nase-United States igxile ephuzwini elingabonakali kangako: indlela isilwane esikhishwe ngokungemthetho esingaphinde sivele ngayo emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe njengoba kuthiwa sakhuliswa ekuthunjweni.
I-Ecuador yazisa i-CITES ngo-2025 ukuthi ayizange ithumele kwamanye amazwe izinhlobo eziphilayo ze-iguana yasolwandle ukuze zisetshenziswe kwezentengiselwano noma zomuntu siqu kusukela ngo-1975. Lolu hlobo, i-Amblyrhynchus cristatus, lutholakala eGalapagos futhi luyingxenye yezilwane zasendle ezivikelwe ezweni .
Noma kunjalo, amarekhodi okuhweba ngamazwe ahlanganiswe yi-CITES abonisa okungenani izilwane eziphilayo ezingu-11 ezihwebelana phakathi kwamazwe ahlukene kusukela ngo-2012 futhi zamenyezelwa njengezifuywe njengezithunjiwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhweba phakathi kweMali neSwitzerland, i-Austria neJapan, kanye neSwitzerland ne-Uganda, phakathi kwezinye, ezinye ezingenawo amarekhodi aphelele avela kwelinye iqembu.
Lokho kukodwa akufakazeli ukuthi zonke lezo zibonelo zivela ekuzingeleni ngokungekho emthethweni, kodwa kuphakamisa umbuzo onengqondo: inani lokuzala elalingavumela ukuba zikhuliswe livelaphi? Kubabhali balolu cwaningo, isihluthulelo sisekuqiniseni ukulandelelwa kwezakhi zofuzo , ukuhlola izwe elivela kulo, kanye nezimvume zokuhlola lapho isilwane sifika namaphepha okuzala abanjwe.
Ukukhanga kwemakethe yezilwane ezifuywayo ezingavamile kuqhubekisela phambili le nkinga. Uma uhlobo lungavamile futhi kunzima ukuluthola ngokusemthethweni, kulapho inani lalo lingaba likhulu kubaqoqi abathile. Lokhu kucabanga kwenza ama-iguana asolwandle abe yisisulu esisengozini kakhulu.
Izingozi zempilo kanye nokulawulwa kwemingcele
Ukuthola i-iguana ngaphandle kweziQhingi zaseGalápagos akusho ukuthi ungayikhulula nje. Ngemva kokuhlala nabantu, ezinye izilwane, noma izindawo ezahlukene, kungenzeka ukuthi itholakale kumagciwane, amabhaktheriya, noma izimuncagazi ezingekho kulezi ziqhingi.
Yingakho i-Ecuador ifake izinja eziqeqeshwe ukuthola izilwane zasendle ezivikelwe ezindaweni lapho zisuka khona, ngaphezu kokulawulwa kokushushumbiswa kwezilwane zasendle kanye nezinyathelo ezintsha zokulandelela. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ukushushumbisa ngaphambi kokuba isilwane sishiye izwe futhi kuvinjelwe ukubuyiselwa kwezilwane esikhathini esizayo ekuletheni usongo olusha.
Ama-iguana asemanzini abhalwe encwadini ebomvu ye-Ecuador yezilwane ezihuquzelayo njengezilwane zasendle ezivikelwe. Iziqhingi zaseGalápagos, ezamenyezelwa njengeNdawo Yefa Lomhlaba ye-UNESCO ngo-1978, ziyindawo eyingqayizivele eyaphefumulela uCharles Darwin ezifundweni zakhe zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kanye nokukhetha kwemvelo.
Lonke leli nethiwekhi likhombisa ukuthi inkinga ayipheli ngepotimende elibanjwe. I-iguana ingasuka eziqhingini lapho ukuthengiswa kwayo okusemthethweni kungenzeki khona, futhi, ngemva kwezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha, ivele kwelinye izwe inombhalo othi yazalelwa ekuthunjweni. Ukuhlanganiswa kokubanjwa , ukuhlukaniswa, ukuhlolwa kofuzo, kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe , okwamanje, kuyisithiyo esikhulu esivimbela le ndaba ukuthi iqhubeke nokungena emakethe.