Imboni yezokuvakasha iyaqhubeka nokuzihlanganisa njengenye yezinsika eziyisisekelo ezokuvakasha zomhlaba, futhi iYurophu injalo. Ngokusho kwedatha ehlinzekwe ngabakwa I-Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA), lo mkhakha uyaqhubeka nokubonisa imiphumela ethembisayo egcizelela ukubaluleka kwayo ngaphakathi kwe umnotho wendawo kanye nokazwelonke. E-Spain, ukukhula okutholwa yile mboni akubonisi nje kuphela dynamism, kodwa futhi nesithakazelo esikhulayo sezivakashi kulolu hlobo lweholide. Kulesi sihloko, sihlaziya ngokuningiliziwe izibalo, izitayela nezinselelo ezibhekene nemboni yezokuvakasha eYurophu ikakhulukazi eSpain.
Ukukhula kohambo lwemikhumbi eYurophu
I-Europe iyaqhubeka nokuba yisifunda esibalulekile emkhakheni wokuhamba ngomkhumbi, igxile kakhulu U-30% wabagibeli emhlabeni jikelele. Le boom ayihumushi nje kuphela izinombolo, kodwa futhi ku- ukuhlanganiswa kwemakethe abashayeli ababalulekile bemboni.
Ngo-2014, inani Abantu baseYurophu abayizigidi ezingu-6,4 abakhethe ukuvakasha ngomkhumbi, okukhuphuke ngo-0,5% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule. I-Germany ihole njengemakethe enkulu ekhiphayo nge 1,77 million abagibeli, kulandele i-United Kingdom, i-Italy ne-France. ISpain, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yazisungula njengemakethe yesihlanu ngobukhulu, nge Abagibeli abangama-454.000, egqame njengendawo ekhangayo nendawo yokuqala kubagibeli abahamba ngomkhumbi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Izinkampani zemikhumbi zenze imizamo emikhulu yokwehlukanisa iminikelo yazo, okuhlanganisa uhambo kusuka eMedithera kuya eNyakatho Yurophu naseCaribbean. Le ndlela idonse ukunaka kwabantu abahlukahlukene, kusukela emindenini emincane kuya abahambi abadala abafuna ukuzizwisa okugxilile nokuhlukile.
Indima yeSpain embonini ye-cruise
ISpain isengenye yezimakethe ezifanele kakhulu eYurophu. Ngo-2023, inani 587.000 abaseSpain ukhethe iholide lokuhamba ngomkhumbi, ukukhula okumangazayo 42% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2022 kanye no-6% ngaphezu kwango-2019, ngaphambi kwalolu bhubhane.
IMedithera ihlala iyizwe indawo oyintandokazi, igxile ku U-79,4% wohambo, kulandele iNyakatho Yurophu ne 8,8% kanye neCaribbean nge 3,9%. Le phethini iqinisa i- isikhundla esikhethekile yaseSpain njengebhuloho phakathi kwesiko laseYurophu kanye nezindawo ezingavamile zaseCaribbean.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i Amachweba aseSpain, njengalezo zase-Barcelona nase-Cádiz, azigqami nje ngengqalasizinda yazo, kodwa nekhono lazo lokuheha izigidi zezivakashi unyaka ngamunye. Ngo-2023, amachweba aseSpain abhalisa ngaphezu 12 million iminyakazo yabagibeli bezikebhe, ukuzihlanganisa njengabaholi eMedithera.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokusimama
La ukusimama Kuwudaba olubalulekile embonini yezokuvakasha. Ngokombiko we-CLIA, izinkampani zemikhumbi zitshala imali kuyo ubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile, njengemikhumbi enikwa amandla igesi yemvelo engamanzi (LNG) kanye nezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile. Uma sibheka phambili ku-2027, kulindeleke ukuthi Ama-81% omthamo womhlaba zithembele kulezi zindlela ezintsha, ezizophawula inqubekelaphambili ebonakalayo ekunciphiseni umthelela wezemvelo.
Esinye isici esiphawulekayo yi- umnikelo wezomnotho walo mkhakha. EYurophu, imboni ikhiqiza okungaphezu kwalokho 339.000 imisebenzi futhi uyanikela 39.400 million euro emnothweni, ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-2014. ESpain, kulinganiselwa ukuthi imboni ikhiqiza ngaphezu Imisebenzi eyi-50.000 kanye nenzuzo eseduze 6.000 million euro.
Umthelela wangemva kobhubhane
Inkinga yezempilo yango-2020 imele inselelo enkulu embonini, kodwa imiphumela yakamuva ikhombisa ukululama okuqinile. Ngo-2022, imboni yaqopha ukwanda 75% umthamo wasolwandle, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi u-2024% ufinyelelwe ekupheleni kuka-100.
Lokhu kululama kudalwe kakhulu yimithethonqubo yezempilo eqinile esetshenzisiwe, eye yasekelwa ochwepheshe bezempilo yomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi U-90% wabagibeli abahamba ngomkhumbi eSpain bazovuma ukuphinde bahambe ngomkhumbi eminyakeni ezayo, okugcizelela ukuzethemba kwabathengi embonini.
izinselelo namathuba
Ngaphandle kokukhula, imboni ibhekene nezinselelo ezibalulekile, njengokubuyekezwa kwe Ikhodi ye-Visa yaseYurophu. Ngokusho kwe-CLIA, inqubomgomo yama-visa evumelana nezimo ingakhuphula ukuncintisana kwe-Europe uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izimakethe, ingenise imali engenayo enkulu namathuba emisebenzi.
Enye inselelo ukulwa nombono wokuhamba ngomkhumbi njengokuvakasha kwabantu abaningi. Izinkampani zemikhumbi zisebenza emizileni ehlukahlukene futhi ziphromothe izindawo ezingagcwali kakhulu, njenge-Cádiz ne-La Coruña, ukuze zisabalalise kangcono ukuhamba kwe- abagibeli.
Mayelana namathuba, ukwanda kwezokuvakasha okuqotho kanye nentshisekelo yokuvakasha okusimeme kuvula amathuba amasha embonini. Imizamo okuhloswe ngayo ukuqeda ikhabhoni izimoto kanye nokusebenzisana nemiphakathi yendawo ukuze kugcinwe izindawo okuyiwa kuzo kubeka ithoni yekusasa elisimeme.
Ngekhono labo lokuhlanganisa ukunethezeka, i-adventure kanye nokusimama, ukuhamba ngomkhumbi kuyaqhubeka nokuba ngenye yezinketho zeholide ezikhangayo kubavakashi baseYurophu futhi ikakhulukazi kubantu baseSpain. Imboni ikhombise ukusimama kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ibhekene nezinselelo ezifana nenkinga yezempilo kanye nezinselelo zomnotho womhlaba. Ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kokusimama nobuchwepheshe, ukuhamba ngomkhumbi kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke nokuthandwa eminyakeni ezayo.
