Ngarava nyowani, iwo makuru mega ngarava anokwana vanopfuura zviuru zvinomwe zvevashanyi uye zviuru zviviri zvevashandi, ane injini dzinoyevedza. Unogona kutofungidzira kuti chii chiri kufamba madziva 7.000, maresitorendi makumi maviri, masiraidhi mahombe, kasino, theatre ... angangoita mazana maviri ematani matani ane Dhiziri mafuta anoshandiswa paavhareji anenge 110.000 litita pazuva "Kusvibisa" munyika.
Asi chii chandiri kutaura nezvacho kana ndikakuudza iyo inosvibisa dhiziri… ramba uchiverenga uye iwe uchave neruzivo urwu.
Zvinoenderana neWikipedia kune mapoka maviri akakura edhiziri remumvura, iyo inoshandiswa mune zvese zvekutengeserana neuto remauto. Injini dzemadhiza dzemumarine dzinomhanyisa mafuta edhiziri, mafuta anorema emafuta kana, munguva pfupi yapfuura, yakanyorovesa gasi rechisikigo.
Orimulsion kana yakawedzera inorema mafuta asina kuchena
Kusvika kupera kwa2006, iyo orimulsion semafutaMafuta aya anonziwo mamwe mafuta anorema asina kunyanya kuchena. Zvakare, kuti upe chiono chepasirese cheicho kutemesa, zvimwe zvakanakira izvi zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zviwanikwa zvesimba ndezvekuti ine kukosha kwakakosha kunoenzana neicho chemarasha, mushure megasi, ndiyo mafuta akachena kwazvo, sezvo ichidzinga yakaderera CO2 choutsi, uye zvakare iri mvura yemafuta iyo inogona kutakurirwa nyore. Mune injini nyowani, Liquid Natural Gasi iri kuunzwa.
Mafuta eMafuta
Ivo vanoratidzira vachipesana nezvikepe zvekufamba-famba vanorwisa rudzi urwu rwechikepe, nekuti kazhinji oiri yemafuta inoenderera ichishandiswa seinjini mafuta. Ichi chisaririra chemafuta Ultra-kusvibisa (3.500 zvakapetwa kupfuura dhiziri) asi zvakachipa kwazvo. Chokwadi ndechekuti kana chikepe chehunhu hwandakambotaura chakapinda pachiteshi, mafuta emafuta anotsiviwa nerumwe rudzi rwemafuta akakwenenzverwa, asi achine simba rinosvibisa zvakapetwa ka100 pane dhiziri yakajairwa. Chokwadi ndechekuti mafuta emafuta ipeturu inorambidzwa kushandiswa muinjini pasi, nekuti inoonekwa semarara ane ngozi uye kurapwa kwadzo kunodhura zvakanyanya.
Kuisa mari mumafuta matsva
Tatarisana nedambudziko iri, makambani anotakura zvinhu ari kugadzirisa kushoropodzwa kubva munharaunda uye kuisa mari mukutsvaga kuti achinje mhando yemafuta. panguva ino imwe inosvibisa imwe nzira ndeye LNG, Liquefied Natural Gasi, iyo inoderedza nitrogen oxide emissions ne90% uye CO24 emissions neinenge 2%.
Asi shanduko kubva kugungwa dhiziri kuenda kuLNG haisi nyore, Izvo hazviitike nehusiku, iwe unofanirwa kushandura zvigadzirwa zvengarava zviri kutofamba uye izvo zvinoda investments. Kunze kwezvikepe zvitsva zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa zvakasiyana, zvivakwa zvinofanirwa kuchinja. Uyezve kune iko kudzidziswa kwevashandi, mainjiniya anofanira kunge akagadzirira kubata rudzi irworwo rwemafuta, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, uye harisi diki, mafuta anofanirwa kuwanikwa mumachiteshi kukwanisa kuwedzera mafuta. Hazvina basa kuti zvese zvagadzirwa uye ipapo iwe hauna mukana wekuwana mafuta kubva pasi.
El Emerald gungwa, ichavhurwa muna Gumiguru 2019, ichave iyo ngarava yekutanga inopihwa simba zvizere neLNG. Iyo nyowani yeCosta Cruises ngarava inorema kupfuura 180.000 matani akakurisa uye 2.600 makabhini akagadzirirwa vatashanyi 6.600 3. Matikiti erwendo rwake rwekutanga ave kutengeswa, iyo "mhandara" inofamba ichibva kuHamburg, ndokumira mumaguta eRotterdam, Lisbon, Barcelona neMarseille, kubva kwaizoenda kuSavona. Pahusiku hwaNovember XNUMX kuchave nemutambo mukuru muguta reItaly. Sezve ino husiku hwekubhabhatidza, Costa Smeralda icharamba iri muMediterranean.
Gore 2020, gore redambudziko rezvakatipoteredza
Sangano reInternational Maritime Organisation (IMO) rakatemera gore ra2020 semusi wekupedzisira wemakambani anotakura zvinhu kutevedzera chisungo chepamutemo chekushandisa mafuta ane yakaderera sarufa yezvinyorwa.
Iyo yazvino kuburitsa muganho ndeye 3.50 m / m uye iyo mutsva wepasi rose muganho uchave 0.50 m / m.
Uku kuderedzwa kwakakosha kwesarufa kusvibiswa kuchave a hukuru hwakanaka zvese zvakatipoteredza uye nehutano hwevanhu vanogara mumadhorobha emadhorobha nenzvimbo dzemahombekombe.
Asi kupokana uku hakufanirwe kuratidzwa chete mumishini nemainjini engarava huru, asi zvakare makambani anotumira ari kushandisa marongero ku chengetedza zviwanikwa, simba, mvura, dzokorodza, dzidzisa vashandi vako uye koka vafambi vezvikepe kuti vave neruzivo rwegreen, kuti tikwanise kuenderera nekunakidzwa nerwendo uye makungwa.
