Iinqanawa ezintsha, ezona zikhulu-khulu zee-mega ezinomthamo ongaphezulu kwe-7.000 yabakhenkethi kunye nama-2.000 amalungu abasebenzi, zinee-injini ezintle. Ungacinga ukuba kuyintoni na ukuhambisa amachibi angama-23, iivenkile zokutyela ezingama-20, izilayidi ezinkulu, ikhasino, imidlalo yeqonga ... imalunga neetoni ezingama-200.000 nge Ukusetyenziswa kombane nge-Diesel ngokomyinge malunga ne-110.000 yeelitha ngosuku “Olona lungcolisayo” ehlabathini.
Kodwa ndithetha ngantoni xa ndikuxelela eyona idizili ingcolisayo… qhubeka ufunda kwaye uyakuba nalo olu lwazi.
Ngokwe-Wikipedia kukho amaqela amabini amakhulu edizili yaselwandle, ezisetyenziswa kumkhosi waselwandle nowezorhwebo. Iinjini zedizili zaselwandle zisebenzisa idizili, ioyile enzima okanye, kutsha nje, inyibilikisile irhasi yendalo.
I-Orimulsion okanye ioyile eluhlaza engaphezulu
Kude kube sekupheleni kuka-2006, orimulsion njengamafuthaLo mafutha abizwa ngokuba yi-oyile ekrwada. Ngokulula, ukunika umbono wehlabathi jikelele wokuba yintoni i-orimulsion, ezinye zeenzuzo zoku xa kuthelekiswa neminye imithombo yamandla kukuba iqulethe ixabiso lekhalori elinokuthelekiswa nelahle lamalahle, emva kwegesi, yeyona oyile icocekileyo, kuba ikhupha ukukhutshwa okuphantsi kwe-CO2, kwaye ikwasisibaso esingamanzi esinokuhanjiswa ngokulula. Ulwelo lwegesi yendalo luyaziswa kwiinjini ezintsha.
Ioyile yeoyile
Abo babonisa ngokuchasene neenqanawa zokuhamba ngenqanawa bahlasela olu hlobo lomkhumbi, kuba kwiimeko ezininzi ioyile yeoyile isasetyenziswa njengamafutha enjini. Le yintsalela yeoyile ungcoliseko olukhulu (Amaxesha angama-3.500 ngaphezulu kwedizili) kodwa ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu. Inyani yile yokuba xa isikhephe seempawu endisichazile ngaphambili singena kwizibuko, ioyile yeoyile ithathelwa indawo lolunye uhlobo lwepetroli esulungekisiweyo, kodwa isenamandla angcolisayo amaxesha angama-100 kunedizili eqhelekileyo. Inyaniso yeyokuba i-oyile ye-oyile yipetroli engavumelekanga ukuba isetyenziswe kwiinjini zomhlaba, kuba ithathwa njengenkunkuma eyingozi kwaye unyango lwenkunkuma lubiza kakhulu.
Utyalomali kwii-fuels ezintsha
Ukujongana nale ngxaki, iinkampani zokuhambisa ziyaziqhelanisa nokugxekwa kuluntu kunye nokutyala imali kuphando ukutshintsha uhlobo lwepetroli. Okwangoku eyona ndlela ingcolisayo yeyona I-LNG, iGesi yeNdalo eLulisiweyo, ecutha ukukhutshwa kwe-nitrogen oxide ngama-90% kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-CO24 malunga nama-2%.
Kodwa Utshintsho kwidizili yolwandle ukuya kwi-LNG akukho lula, Ayenzeki ngobusuku obunye, kuya kufuneka utshintshe iziseko kwiinqanawa esele zihamba ngenqanawa kwaye ezifuna oko utyalo mali. Ngaphandle kweenqanawa ezintsha kufuneka ziyilwe ngokwahlukileyo, iziseko zophuhliso kufuneka zitshintshe. Kwaye emva koko kukho uqeqesho lwabasebenzi, iinjineli kufuneka zikulungele ukuphatha olo hlobo lwamafutha, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ayisiyonto incinci, Amafutha kufuneka abekho kwizibuko ukuze ndikwazi ukugcwalisa ipetroli. Akuncedi nto ukuba yonke into ilungile kwaye emva koko awunakho ukufikelela kwipetroli emhlabeni.
El Unxweme lwe-Emerald, eza kuphehlelelwa ngo-Okthobha u-2019, iya kuba yi- Inqanawa yokuqala inikwe amandla yi-LNG. Inqanawa entsha yeCosta Cruises iya kuba ngaphezulu kwe-180.000 yeetoni kunye neekhabhi ezingama-2.600 6.600 zenzelwe abakhenkethi abangama-3 XNUMX. Amatikiti ohambo lwakhe lobutsha ngoku ayathengiswa, uhambo "lwentombi" luyahamba lusuka eHamburg, luze lume kwizixeko zaseRotterdam, eLisbon, eBarcelona naseMarseille, ukusuka apho luza kuya eSavona. Ngobusuku buka-Novemba XNUMX kuyakubakho itheko elikhulu kwisixeko sase-Itali. Njengobu busuku bokubhaptizwa, iCosta Smeralda iya kuhlala kwiMeditera.
Unyaka we-2020, unyaka womceli mngeni kwindalo
Umbutho waMazwe ngaMazwe oLwandle (i-IMO) umisele unyaka we-2020 njengomhla wokugqibela wokuba iinkampani ezithunyelayo zithobele uxanduva olusemthethweni lokusebenzisa amafutha anemixholo esezantsi yesalfure.
Umda okhoyo ngoku yi-3.50 m / m kunye Umda omtsha wehlabathi uya kuba yi-0.50 m / m.
Olu kunciphiso lubalulekileyo ekuphumeni kwesalfure luya kuba impembelelo entle kokubini okusingqongileyo nakwimpilo yabantu abahlala kwizixeko ezinamazibuko nakwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni.
Kodwa lo mngeni kufuneka ubonakaliswe kuphela koomatshini nakwiinjini zeenqanawa ezinkulu, kodwa nazo iinkampani zokuhambisa zisebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo ukuze konga izixhobo, amandla, amanzi, uphinde usetyenzise, ufundise abasebenzi bakho kwaye umeme abakhweli beenqanawa ukuba babe namava aluhlaza, ukuze siqhubeke nokonwabela ukuhamba ngolwandle kunye nolwandle.
